Which of the following fractures is characterized by fracture through the base of the first metacarpal?

• A. Boxer fracture
• B. Bennett fracture
• C. Smith fracture
• D. Colles fracture

Answer: (B)

The fracture characterized by a break through the base of the first metacarpal is known as a Bennett fracture. This type of fracture typically occurs due to axial loading and is often associated with a forced abduction of the thumb.

A Bennett fracture involves a specific pattern where the fracture line extends into the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb, which can lead to instability and challenges in proper healing if not treated appropriately. This fracture can sometimes be a result of traumatic events, such as a fall or a direct blow to the thumb.

Understanding the distinct nature of Bennett fractures is important, especially in the context of hand and wrist injuries, as it differentiates it from other fracture types that may involve other parts of the hand or different mechanisms of injury. For instance, a Boxer fracture typically occurs in the fifth metacarpal due to a punch injury, while a Smith fracture often involves the distal radius and is characterized by an anterior angulation caused by falling onto a flexed wrist. A Colles fracture also involves the distal radius but is known for its dorsal angulation and is commonly seen in wrist injuries associated with falls.

Recognizing these differences reinforces the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment approaches for hand fractures.